PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT : CHARACTERISTICS OF MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES Part - II

This is the second part of the Characteristics of Management by Objectives, and the points are as follows:-

Organizational Structure:

As per the concept of Management by Objectives an organizational arrangement gets developed.

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PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT: Characteristics of Management by Objectives – Part-I

The modern approach towards the concept of Management by Objectives has given it the following specific characteristics:-

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PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT: MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES

Meaning

Management by Objectives is not a management technique but a total Goal specific management. We may say that it follows the practical aspects of management. This concept has been developed on the human factors of cooperation, understanding and coordination.

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Management: Scientific Technique of Management

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Principle: COOPERATION, NOT INDIVIDUALISM

‘Cooperation’ means acting jointly, or a union towards achieving the same result. Taylor emphasized that the workers and the management should act jointly and in unison to achieve the organizational objectives. Management as well as the employees are basically the two important component of the organization and without them the organization cannot work properly.

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F. W. TAYLOR

Fredrick Winslow Taylor was born in the year 1856 in U.S.A. and is considered as the ‘Father of Scientific Management’ for his contribution in the field of management. He was the one who first organised and presented a scientific approach to management.

He was a great scholar from U.S.A. He started his career in the year 1875, as an apprentice at an age of 19 in a small machinery factory in Philadelphia. In the year 1878, he started working for ‘Midvale Steel works’ as a Mechanical Engineer, and was promoted to the post of ‘Gang boss’ within two years, 4 years later he was again promoted to the post of ‘Chief Engineer’. While working in the company he joined evening classes and got degree of ‘Master of Engineering’.

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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

“Scientific management” as the name suggests is simply the application of science, in the form of scientific tools and technique in the field of management. It represents a blend of the two fields i.e. science and management. 

In other words, we can say that it is the application of scientific approach towards management issues. It also means discarding the traditional approach of management and adopting a newer approach for solving the managerial problems.

Scientific management has been defined differently by different authors, scholars and experts, some of them are as under-

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