Fredrick Winslow Taylor was born
in the year 1856 in U.S.A.
and is considered as the ‘Father of Scientific
Management’ for his
contribution in the field of management. He was the one who first organised and
presented a scientific approach to management.
He was a great scholar from U.S.A. He
started his career in the year 1875, as an apprentice at an age of 19 in a
small machinery factory in Philadelphia.
In the year 1878, he started working for ‘Midvale Steel works’ as a Mechanical
Engineer, and was promoted to the post of ‘Gang boss’ within two years, 4 years
later he was again promoted to the post of ‘Chief Engineer’. While working in
the company he joined evening classes and got degree of ‘Master of
Engineering’.
In the year 1898, he resigned the
‘Midvale Steel works’ and joined ‘Bethlehem Steel Company’. He continued his
job up to 1901 and thereafter he resigned. He passed rest of his life in
developing the concepts and scientific techniques for management.
Taylor observed that the workers are not
contributing to their fullest potential and their capacity and most of their skill
is under utilized because of the ‘Trial and Error’ methods, also there was lack
of planning, work standard, incentives, division of work, e.t.c. Using his
engineering intelligence he conducted research and experiments which resulted
in the development of scientific techniques.
Important
contributions
of Taylor
in the field of management are-
Ø He developed scientific techniques
which gave management a scientific and standardised edge.
Ø He introduced the concept of ‘Functional Organisation System’.
Ø He suggested ‘Differential Wage System’ for different class of workers.
Ø He published various articles and books
like ‘Differential Price Rate System’(1895), ‘Shop Management’(1903), ‘Principles Of Scientific Management’(1911).
Ø He developed ‘Principles Of Scientific
Management’, which are-
1. Science, not rule of thumb.
2. Harmony, not discard.
3. Cooperation, not
individualism.
4. Development of workers to
their greatest efficiency and prosperity.
5. Maximum output in place of
restricted output.
Ø He developed ‘Scientific Techniques’, ,
which are-
1.
Functional Foremanship.
2.
Standardisation of work.
3.
Simplification of work.
4.
Fatigue Study.
5.
Method Study.
6.
Time Study.
7.
Motion Study.
March - F.W. Taylor (Birthday - 20 March 1856) Month of Industrial Engineering and Productivity Management.
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